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Title: | Non-oxide precipitates in additively manufactured austenitic stainless steel |
Author: | Upadhyay, Manas Vijay Slama, Meriem Ben Gaudez, Steve Mohanan, Nikhil Yedra Cardona, Lluis Hallais, Simon Heripre, Eva Tanguy, Alexandre |
Keywords: | Impressió 3D Sulfurs Microscòpia electrònica Three-dimensional printing Sulfides Electron microscopy |
Issue Date: | 17-May-2021 |
Publisher: | Nature Publishing Group |
Abstract: | Precipitates in an austenitic stainless steel fabricated via any Additive Manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing, technique have been widely reported to be only Mn-Si-rich oxides. However, via Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) studies on a 316L stainless steel, we show that non-oxide precipitates (intermetallics, sulfides, phosphides and carbides) can also form when the steel is fabricated via Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) a directed energy deposition-type AM technique. An investigation into their origin is conducted with support from precipitation kinetics and finite element heat transfer simulations. It reveals that non-oxide precipitates form during solidification/cooling at temperatures ≥ 0.75Tm (melting point) and temperature rates ≤ 105 K/s, which is the upper end of the maximum rates encountered during LMD but lower than those encountered during Selective Laser Melting (SLM) a powder-bed type AM technique. Consequently, non-oxide precipitates should form during LMD, as reported in this work, but not during SLM, in consistency with existing literature. |
Note: | Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89873-2 |
It is part of: | Scientific Reports, 2021, vol. 11, num. 1, p. 10393 |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2445/185943 |
Related resource: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89873-2 |
ISSN: | 2045-2322 |
Appears in Collections: | Articles publicats en revistes (Enginyeria Electrònica i Biomèdica) Publicacions de projectes de recerca finançats per la UE |
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